Improvement in cement for roofing



' iJNrTnn STATES l ATnNT IOFFCE.:

`NATHAN rA. DYAR, or.y MEDFORD, AssIeNoR To niMsELF AND minusKENDRIACI-, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

livi PROVE-"MENT-IN CEMENT Foaenorme.,V I

Specification forming l part of Letters Patent No. 23,882, dated May3,1859.

. To all whom it may concern:

vBe it known that I,NATHANA. DYAR, of

i Medford,`in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful article of manufacture, by a' new com- L'bination of materials, constituting a new 1-esult orproduction in theform of a vendible article, which is well adapted to the covering ofroofs and walls for the purpose of rendering themvwatentight 3 and I dohereby declare that the following' is a full, clear, and exactdescription of lthe said new article f mannfacture', and that it issufficient to enable those who are skilled in the art t'whichvitappertains to practice myinvention, refe-rence be# ing had to thedrawings which accompany and form part of this specification, and to theletters of reference thereon marked,'similar let- Iters referringtosirnilar parts in bot-h figures offtlledrawings. i f i ,Figure l is aview of the article as it appears, put 'up in rolls for transportation.or sale. Fig. 2 is asectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portionof thenew article, showing the different layers of which. it is composedand their relative arrangement to each other. a represents canvas,cloth,'or felt, or any4 A of their equivalents, the object offlich is togive the requisite strength to the manufac- -tured article Aand to serveas a base' to which is united on each side, for the purpose of renderingthe article Water-proof, pitch, tar,as

phaltufxn gums, resin, or any equivalents.

therefor, separate or mixed in any desired'proportion, with or withoutanimal, vegetable, or

mineral oils, or any equivalent or equivalents therefor. Thiswater-proofing is represented by b, and is fixed upon a in about equallaylers on each side by passing it a through hot article is that'whichis placed in contact with t, the surface to be covered.

.It has long beena desideratum to produce a water-proof covering which,by being complete in itself, could be applied, like the old metallie,slate, and wooden roof coverings, simply of fire upon the premises wherethe application is made, which vis highly dangerous. It u f a uinvolves, also, the transportation of meltingkettles, and requirestheservices of men particularly conversant with the trade and who are onlyto be found in somewhat-populous places. The fumes also which arisefromthe melting and the application .of the hot meltef1 composition areoften offe`nstve.-

, My invention is best and mosteconolnically completely prepared for useand sale away from the places where it -is to be finally located, and where, byproper appliances, skilled labor' and the manufacture of largequantities,

it can be produced at the minimum cost, and where, if the'water-proofingis of a nature to emit disagreeable fumes, no one is inconveniencedex'cept those employed in the manufacture.

My roof-covering can be packed in rolls of size and Weight convenientfor handling. YThe sanded and paper-ed surfaces coming into contact inthe roll do'notadhere together and the article requires no boxing intransportation.. It is nailed to the surface to be covered, the edgesand ends of one'sheet .overlapping the edges and ends of vother sheets,and this may be done iu such amanner as to cover the nails. Theoverlapping portions are wet with spirits of turpentine upon the paperedsided -previousto securing the sheet in its place.

This causes a softening of the water-proofing and permits the removal ofthe paper, so that .aunion can be effected by pressure between the sheetwhich has been secured andthe one It will be obvious that my inventioncan be I do not herein intend to claim any particular process of"manufacture, any particular composition of materials forming thewaterproofing 1)o'rrany plan or system of the application of sheets ofWater-'proof covering, as all of these may be greatly varied withoutdeparting 4from my invention, which consists in the relative arrangementof layers, as and for the purpose before set forth, as I consider thatthe process, eompositiomand system aforesaid are the subj eet-mattersfor separate patents, and therefore I have not herein specied them. v

' I ani-aware that it is not new t0 cover one y or bethsides of' clothwitnwater-pronng, and' also that sand or its equivalent has been appliedto the outward surfaces or"l the waterproofing thus aixed upon thecloth, and also that the article so made has been rolled up Y fortransportation, ready in this state to be unrolled and tacked upon aroof without further Work to complete its charaeteras a water-proofroof-covering. I am\ aware that a roof-covering prepared similarly'asabove mentioned h-as been laid or fixed upon roofs covered with hotmelted Water-proofA mixtures and then strewn with sand; but I do notclaim these as my invention, as they do not have the layer of paper usedby me.-

I am aware of the invention. patented to .lohn B. lVands, in whichstrips of paper are first tacked over the cracks in the boarding, yafter which cotton cloth is plaeedupon the roof next and over the paper,and then layers of water-prooti ng, earthy matters, water-proof-4irngand earthy matters are respectivelybuilt .upon the cloth while itisupon the roof. .This

II do not in any Way lay claim to, for the paper andthe cloth arenot-united,but only placed -in juxtaposition, neither do the layers havethe saine order and arrangement as in my invention, nor doesthe paperhave the same function in VVan'ds invention that it has in v mille. l i14 I claim;

anew article of'ina-nufaeture,'theA Wa"-.-

ter-proof roof-covering herein described, the

same consisting;r of central layer or web of cloth, or its equivalent,covered on both sides with adhering layers of water-proong, the outwardVside of one of which is covered with a layerof'paper tixedthereto bycontact with the water-proofing while it is in a warm and plastic state,whileupon and embedded in the outward side of the other layer ot'Water-proofing,` while inthe state just described is av layer of sand,or its equivalent, forming' the uppermost or Weather surface'of thearticle.

In testimony whereof'I hereunto set m5 I hand and aix my seal this 20th'day of Deeember, A. 111358.

NJ'A. DYAR. [LL s] In presence of- A J. B. CROSBY, A

GoRDoN. Mo1\;AY.

